Generally, as shown in Table 4, TSA may inhibit oxidative damage, inflammation, apoptosis, and autophagy in rats/mice with MCAO-induced ischemia [95, 102–104, 108] and in OGD-induced rat primary neuronal cells [104]; these processes are involved in activating the Nrf2-dependent antioxidant response [102], inhibiting glial cell activation [95, 103], and decreasing the expression of apoptosis- and autophagy-associated proteins [95, 104, 108]. This evidence concerns the gene NFE2L2 and ischemia.