AGER and Hyperglycemia: Under the condition of hyperglycemia, the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) increases; AGEs binding to AGE receptors (RAGE) can cause various damages in endothelial cells, such as increasing endothelial cell permeability, inhibiting the activity of endothelial nitric oxide synthetase, affecting coagulation system; in addition, they can increase the production of ROS and activate nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase and NF-κB [17, 23].