TGFB1 and neoplasm: N-myc downregulated 1 (NDRG1) was a tumor suppressor, which has been reported in various studies; it could attenuate NF-kB and TGF-b pathways in pancreatic cancer cells, and downregulated NDRG1 was related to increased proliferation, invasion, and migration of digestive cancers [30–33].