CD274 and lung carcinoma: To investigate the effect of BMFs exerted on the PD-L1 blockade therapy, BMF-rich mouse tumor model was developed by subcutaneously inoculation of the mixture of BMFs and murine lung carcinoma cell CMT167 to the flanks of mice, followed by various treatments to the mice with isotype control antibody or monoclonal aPD-L1, respectively, as illustrated in Figure 1A.