In regard to disease states, polymorphisms of RBP4 were shown to associate with the risk for coronary artery disease (Wan et al., 2014), childhood obesity and cardiovascular risk factors (Codoñer-Franch et al., 2016), with plasma RBP4 levels and hypertriglyceridemia risk in Chinese Hans (Wu Y. et al., 2009), serum HDL (Shea et al., 2010), the risk for gestational diabetes (Hu et al., 2019), body mass index (Munkhtulga et al., 2010), insulin resistance (Kovacs et al., 2007), and type 2 diabetes (Craig et al., 2007; Munkhtulga et al., 2007; van Hoek et al., 2008). This evidence concerns the gene RBP4 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.