As acquisition of vimentin and loss of E-cadherin expression during EMT contribute to tumor invasiveness and metastatic capacity in cancer, we divided all patients into two groups as follows: the high vimentin and lost E-cadherin expression group (n = 42) and the ‘other group’ (patients with low vimentin and preserved E-cadherin expression, high vimentin and preserved E-cadherin expression, or low vimentin and lost E-cadherin expression) (Table 2). Here, VIM is linked to cancer.