Elevated mRNA expression of the pro-inflammatory caspases-1 and 5 and distinct inflammasome sensors, such as absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) and NLRP3 (NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3) have been reported in monocytes from TB-IRIS patients in comparison with TB Non-IRIS post-ART [19,20]. The gene discussed is AIM2; the disease is tuberculosis.