PBMCs from TB-IRIS (n = 14) and TB non-IRIS patients (n = 9) or 7 non-TB HIV+ patients (non-TB, non-IRIS), at baseline and after ART initiation (2–8 weeks), as well as healthy controls (HC, n = 22) were pre-incubated with a fluorochrome inhibitor of caspase-1/4/5 (FLICA) followed by immunophenotyping and intracellular ASC staining. Here, CASP1 is linked to tuberculosis.