Human population studies show that the H100Q mutation is present but very rare suggesting its disadvantage when living in a “normal environment.” Human and mice mutations in NRAP leading to dilated cardiomyopathy (Ehler et al. 2001), a heart muscle genetic disorder, causing enlargement of the left ventricle and issues with pumping blood out of the heart point to possible negative effects. The gene discussed is NRAP; the disease is dilated cardiomyopathy.