A global named-patient-use (NPU) program for afatinib was initiated in Germany and Australia in May 2010, for patients with advanced or metastatic NSCLC who had progressed after clinical benefit during previous treatment with erlotinib or gefitinib and/or had an activating EGFR/HER2 mutation, had exhausted all other treatments and were ineligible for an afatinib trial. This evidence concerns the gene ERBB2 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.