For example, high levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin- 6 (IL-6) are present in obesity as well as women with RPL36–38, and this state of ‘chronic inflammation’ may contribute to impaired implantation and placentation, as well as complications in pregnancy and post-partum39. This evidence concerns the gene CRP and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.