Non-obese adolescents with PCOS experienced a mismatch between prenatal and postnatal weight gain, were younger at menarche, and presented an abdominal excess of fat in subcutaneous, visceral and hepatic depots; they had low-normal concentrations of circulating GDF15, despite markedly raised levels of CRP and insulin, suggestive of a relative GDF15 deficit. This evidence concerns the gene GDF15 and polycystic ovary syndrome.