GDF15 and polycystic ovary syndrome: In addition, we took advantage of a randomised clinical trial in non-obese adolescent girls with PCOS to study the effects of an oral oestroprogestogen contraceptive (OC) on circulating GDF15, and also the effects of a low-dose combination of spironolactone-pioglitazone-metformin (SPIOMET) that reduces ectopic adiposity, attenuates the androgen excess, and raises the ovulation rate, without necessarily changing body weight11,12.