TNF and myelodysplastic syndrome: Several, most notably MMP2 and MMP9, have been widely (albeit variably) reported as dysregulated in MDS, with consequences including disruption of integrin-mediated adhesion/signaling and altered generation of death proteins (e.g., TNF-α, Fas-ligand) (Iwata et al., 2007; Travaglino et al., 2008; Chaudhary et al., 2016; Youn et al., 2019).