CD274 and neoplasm: Another cause is due to the differences of interpretation methods adopted by these platforms [tumor proportion score (TPS)], which is defined as the proportion of living TCs with PD-L1 partially or completely stained for PD-L1 relative to all surviving TCs in the sample; combined positive score (CPS), which is defined as the amount of all positivity stained cells in the samples, including TCs, macrophages, and lymphocytes) (33).