Bishnoi et al. demonstrated that DPPIV inhibitors resulted in a survival advantage in diabetic patients with lung cancer or colorectal cancer (HR 0.89; 95% CI: 0.82-0.97, p = 0.0007), with a synergistic survival advantage when used in conjunction with metformin (HR 0.83; 95% CI: 0.77-0.90, p < 0.0001) [41]. The gene discussed is DPP4; the disease is lung cancer.