With the introduction of IFN-free therapy for HCV, populations previous considered difficult to treat, such as those with renal dysfunction (Chen et al., 2019; Yen et al., 2020), HIV co-infections (Liu et al., 2020b), or older age (Villani et al., 2019), are currently no longer considered as such. This evidence concerns the gene IFNA1 and Abnormal renal physiology.