Cultured monocytes, isolated from patients with AD, were reported to have increased gene expression of NLRP3 as well as ASC, caspase-1, and the cytokines, IL-1β and IL-18 (Saresella et al., 2016), which suggests that the peripheral NLRP3-mediated immune response is increased in disease. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and Alzheimer disease.