Furthermore, NLRP3 inflammasome-active microglia lead to neuronal cell death in a murine MPTP-induced PD model (Lee et al., 2019), with KO of NLRP3 being found to protect against dopaminergic neuronal loss in a similar toxin based model (Ou et al., 2020), further emphasising the NLRP3 inflammasome's role in neurodegeneration. The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is Parkinson disease.