1) compared with healthy controls, serum MIF levels in PC patients and pancreatitis patients were 10.6-fold and 9.2-fold higher, respectively; 2) the AUC of serum MIF in discriminating PC patients from healthy controls or all controls (including AP, CP, and healthy controls) were 1.00 or 0.78, respectively. Here, MIF is linked to alkaline phosphatase measurement.