However, when we compared cytokine profiles of antigen-experienced Th subsets [effector Th (TEff), effector memory Th (TEM) and central memory Th (TCM)] we found that MG patients had significantly fewer granulocyte–monocyte colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-expressing cells than healthy controls (Fig. 2b, Supplementary Fig. 2c). This evidence concerns the gene CSF2 and myasthenia gravis.