In addition, anti-CSDE1P5S CD8 T cells had anti-tumor activity against B16 tumors even in the absence of anti-PD-1 ICB (e.g., Supplementary Fig. 3A) and were active against B16 tumors, which escaped VSV-IFNβ therapy without anti-PD-1 ICB, at least in the context of in vivo activation and adoptive T-cell transfer (Supplementary Fig. 3B). Here, IFNB1 is linked to neoplasm.