CSF1 and ovarian cancer: Mao eta al. uncovered that the elevated expressions of IL-8, VEGF and IGF in the microenvironment could rescue the DIRAS3-induced autophagic cell death and lead to dormancy in ovarian cancer xenografts model [59]. The upregulation of ARHI enables to induce autophagic cell death in vitro but dormancy in xenografts in ovarian cancer because the growth factors (IGF-1, M-CSF), angiogenic factors (VEGF, IL-8), and matrix proteins from microenvironment could reduce the effect of ARHI [60].