Furthermore, employing CRISPR-Cas9 or siRNAs gene editing tools with the aim of knockdown of ectopic expression of target genes including IGF1R, IGF1, IGF2, IGFBP3, and IGFBP-6 can play an important role in attenuating the tumorigenesis characteristics as well as improving response to treatment in various human cancer cells. Here, IGF1 is linked to cancer.