The mRNA expression levels of COMMD3, COMMD4, COMMD5, COMMD6, and COMMD8 were also significantly downregulated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines, whereas COMMD9 was up-regulated and promotes the development of NSCLC by interacting with the TFDP1/E2F1 through the COMM domain (24). Here, E2F1 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.