The risk of breast cancer recurrence was evaluated in relation to preoperative low (T1), moderate (T2), or high (T3) tertile IGF-I, IGFBP-3, IGFBP-7 levels, or IGF-I/IGFBP-3 molar ratios between cases and matched controls (Figure 2A). Here, IGF1 is linked to breast carcinoma.