Contradictory to our results, a few studies using Trem1-KO mice reported the following: (1) TREM-1 deficiency can attenuate disease severity without affecting parasitic and viral infections; (2) TREM-1 deletion restores impaired autophagy (41); and (3) TREM-1 inhibition using LR12 peptide attenuates experimental colitis by restoring impaired autophagy (42). This evidence concerns the gene TREM1 and colitis.