TREM1 and inflammatory bowel disease: Additionally, we can postulate that the upregulated TREM-1 levels in IBD may be due to impaired neutrophil function (19, 44), neutrophil recruitment (36, 45), or TLR signaling (46), but this requires further elucidation of the mechanisms by which α-TREM-1 alleviates colitis as well as its role in IBD pathogenesis.