TGFB1 and hereditary clear cell renal cell carcinoma: Renal cell carcinoma causes an immunosuppressive phenotype in peripheral blood, which is characterized by up-regulation of TGF-β expression that could stimulate intratumoral angiogenesis and inhibit humoral and cellular immunity (52), meanwhile TGF-β1 down-regulates the expression of MHC-II and B7-1 in primary mouse renal tubular epithelial cells and affects antigen presentation thereby inhibiting T cell-mediated immune responses (53).