Recently, new studies have focus on the intervention of several proteins in the TLR signaling pathways (e.g., IKK-2 and MyD88), which have been identified as potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of certain diseases [e.g., systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), etc.] (49). This evidence concerns the gene IKBKB and systemic lupus erythematosus.