The relationship between increased systemic FGF-23 levels and vascular calcification has been shown experimentally in in vitro approaches (Jimbo et al., 2014), in patients with established cardiovascular disease (Donate-Correa et al., 2019), in pre-dialysis diabetic (Silva et al., 2015) and in CKD patients (Dzgoeva et al., 2016). Here, FGF23 is linked to chronic kidney disease.