Clinically, the correlation between the expression levels of TCLlnc1 and cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10, and TNF in serum (Fig. 5D) of PTCL patients indicated that TCLlnc1 activated TGF-β signaling pathway and regulated cytokine production in PTCL. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is mature T-cell and NK-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.