MOS and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: Similar to sperm and chemical-induced mammalian oocyte activation (Miao and Williams, 2012; Parrington et al., 2019), Ca2+ and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) are also involved in OSA attributing to MPF inactivation and probably a premature decline in Mos/MEK/MAPK (Ito et al., 2006; Ito et al., 2007; Yoo and Smith, 2007; Table 1).