As shown in the study by Leaf et al. [50], patients with a longer allele genotype in the heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) gene (HMOX1) promoter exhibited an increased risk of postoperative AKI after cardiac surgery with CPB (OR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.05-1.503; P = 0.01). The gene discussed is HMOX1; the disease is acute kidney injury.