Other expected single-variant associations include those in ZPR1, which codes for a regulatory protein known to bind several transcription factors that may influence obesity (Ueyama et al., 2015); variants within ZPR1 are known to affect triglyceride levels, as well as modulate HDL and total cholesterol levels (Comuzzie et al., 2012; Hoffmann et al., 2018b; Wojcik et al., 2019). Here, ZPR1 is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.