For instance, Lidofsky et al. (65) reported that serum sCD163 from macrophages in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) was positively associated with the severity of liver fibrosis from mild to moderate stage, with an Ishak fibrosis score up to 4, but not in established cirrhosis. The gene discussed is CD163; the disease is Cirrhosis.