Cox regression modelsAdjustments for age, sex, race, ethnicity, HbA1c, NYHA class, smoking, MI, COPD, CAD, stroke, >50% stenosis of carotid artery, atrial flutter/fibrillation, insulin, amputation, diabetic neuropathy, foot ulcer, blood pressure, heart rate, height, BMI, eGFR, randomized treatment, diabetes duration, geographical region. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.