By contrast, anti-CD4–anti-PD1 treatment did not reduce the incidence of liver cancer, the NAFLD activity score (NAS), or the number of TNF-expressing hepatic CD8+ or CD8+PD1+CXCR6+ T cells (Fig. 2g–i, Extended Data Fig. 7). This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.