NPPB and metabolic disease: Ample evidence has demonstrated a beneficial role of FGF1 in metabolic diseases, including obesity, type 2 DM, and associated complications.8,9,29,30 In this study, we revealed that serum FGF1 was decreased in both T2D patients and mouse models, and FGF1 levels were positively correlated with FS% and negatively correlated with serum BNP in DCM patients.