The link between inflammation and cancer can be explained by both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways 16, which interact to initiate the activation of several transcription factors in cancer cells and inflammatory cells, such as nuclear factor-κB and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), leading to the formation of a cancer-related inflammatory microenvironment to promote cancer proliferation. Here, HIF1A is linked to cancer.