IL6 and infection: Multiple inflammatory signals have been demonstrated to increase neutrophil life span including IFN-γ, GM-CSF, G-CSF, IL-6, and PAMPs such as LPS (Fig. 2).101–103 It has also been suggested that RSV-induced neutrophil activation delays apoptosis in vitro,104 but whether this would be beneficial or detrimental to disease outcome during infection in vivo remains unclear.