A heatmap of the differentially expressed genes and GSEA using both Reactome and Hallmark datasets showed that the most significantly downregulated genes belonged to pathways involved in ‘interferon (IFN) signalling’ and interferon-alpha response’/‘interferon-gamma response’, with decreased expression of genes in these pathways correlating with worse survival in melanoma patients (Fig. 4 and Supplementary Figs. 7 and 8). This evidence concerns the gene IFNG and melanoma.