IGF1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Evidence indicates that growth factor-mediated angiogenic signaling (VEGF, EGFR, IGF and HGF/c-MET), the ERK/MAPK pathway, the PI3K–AKT–mTOR signaling pathway, the WNT/b-catenin pathway, cytokine/chemokine production/activation, leukocyte infiltration, c-erbB-3, adherens junction, focal adhesion, and antigen processing and presentation are implicated in HCC [36–43].