There were various reasons for not including G6PD test in the routine treatment protocol of many of these countries ranging from perceptions that the prevalence of G6PD deficiency was not high in the country; no/minimal experience of haemolytic anaemia due to PQ in the past; assumed safety due to clinical supervision of patients after PQ treatment and a mental risk–benefit comparison of providing PQ with or without G6PD test. This evidence concerns the gene G6PD and non-autoimmune hemolytic anemia.