CTHRC1 and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: Additionally, we found that 3 out of the 4 markers (GREM1, MMP7, CTHRC1 and FHL2) identified by Kaminski and colleagues [43] as having a significant negative correlation with %DlCO and as markers that separate IPF patients by disease severity and predicted progression were expressed at higher levels in ‘Ciliated epithelium-enriched’ patients of GSE47460 (Kaminski-LGRC bulk expression cohort) [14–17] (S2 Fig), potentially indicating a differential prognosis for the two subsets of IPF patients.