RNA-seq with DE gene and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) identified significant alterations in canonical neural pathways between T1D and ND donors that included noradrenalin and adrenalin degradation, α-adrenergic signaling, cardiac β-adrenergic signaling, catecholamine biosynthesis, as well as alterations in several neurotransmitter pathways (serotonin, GABA, dopamine, nNOS; Supplementary Table S4). The gene discussed is NOS1; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.