Most studies tend to focus on epidemiological issues related to the improvement of LCN-2 in obesity- and diabetes-related vascular disorders.189 Considering that bone is a nonnegligible source of LCN-2, investigating the roles of LCN-2 from osteoblast lineages on vascular cells has become paramount. This evidence concerns the gene LCN2 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.