SB-FIX by Sangamo Therapeutics is an in vivo gene therapy treatment that uses AAVs to deliver ZFNs to correct the factor IX gene for treatment of hemophilia B. Another milestone study is the first phase 1 clinical trial NCT02793856 on CRISPR/Cas9-based PD-1 gene knockout in T lymphocytes from metastatic nonsmall-cell lung cancer patients. Here, F9 is linked to lung cancer.