FGF23 and chronic kidney disease: A low protein diet reduces serum FGF-23 and phosphate levels in non-dialysis and dialysis CKD patients (Shinaberger et al., 2008; Iorio et al., 2012), and the restricted consumption of inorganic phosphate additives attenuates serum phosphate levels in ESRD patients (Sullivan et al., 2009; de Fornasari and Sens, 2017).