TRPV1 and temporal lobe epilepsy: Furthermore, increased expression of TRPV1 has been found in the hippocampus of rats and the dentate gyrus of mice with temporal lobe epilepsy as well as in the cortex of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (Bhaskaran and Smith, 2010; Sun et al., 2013; Saffarzadeh et al., 2015).