Since several members without mutation of LDLR c.1723C>T in this family were also present with dyslipidemia, we then investigated the changes in the gut microbiome in the FH members with mutation of LDLR c.1723C>T (n = 5, FM1, FM2, FM4, FM6, and FM11) and unaffected members with hyperlipidemia (HLP, n = 6, FM12, FM17, FM18, FM20, FM21, and FM22) by metagenomics sequencing, to further explore the contribution of microbial communities to cholesterol homeostasis. The gene discussed is LDLR; the disease is metabolic syndrome.