However, it is their role in immune-related diseases that is particularly relevant to the field of RA research (31) ; to date, the most prominent miRNAs associated with RA are miR-146 and miR-155, both of which are implicated in the regulation of the NF-κB pathway, a pivotal mediator of inflammation, in addition, both miRNAs are shown to be elevated in RA synovial tissue and circulating immune cells compared to HC and osteoarthritis (OA) (31–36). This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and osteoarthritis.