CCL2 and fatty liver disease: Since it has been reported that fatty liver can promote inflammation (Mandrekar et al., 2011), which is a key player in progression of both alcoholic and non-alcoholic liver diseases (Gao and Tsukamoto, 2016), we examined the expression of inflammatory markers, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β).