MAPK1 and acute respiratory distress syndrome: MAPKs, including MAPK1/2, Jun amino-terminal kinases (JNK1/2/3), and p38 proteins (p38α/β/γ/δ), have been reported to be involved in ALI/ARDS (Ying et al., 2015; Yao et al., 2017; Zhang et al., 2018).